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Procurement··2 min read

Procurement without leaks: from BOQ line to purchase order to store

Procurement is where a project's money physically leaves. The process that protects it is old and boring — the discipline is making every step trace to the one before.

By Ofivio

On a construction project, procurement is not a support function — it is the main channel through which the budget becomes a building. Materials are commonly 50–60% of project cost, and the process that spends that money is a chain of small documents: requisitions, purchase orders, delivery notes, store records, invoices. Projects rarely lose money in one dramatic decision; they lose it in the gaps between those documents.

Steel reinforcement bars stacked close up, the kind of material a construction budget is mostly spent on
Materials are most of the cost — and every tonne is bought through a chain of small documents.
  1. 1Demand starts at the BOQ: the quantity to buy is the line quantity, less what the store already holds, plus agreed wastage. A requisition that does not reference a BOQ line is a question, not an order.
  2. 2The purchase order fixes the terms — item, quantity, rate, delivery, payment — with a supplier chosen against comparable quotes. Verbal orders are how rates drift.
  3. 3The delivery is received against the ORDER, not against the invoice: counted, checked, and recorded into the store as stock-in.
  4. 4Issues to works are stock-out against the project — this is what draws down the BOQ quantity and shows consumption against plan.
  5. 5The invoice is paid on the three-way match: order, delivery record, invoice. Two out of three is how duplicates and short deliveries get paid.
A large warehouse with stocked shelving and yellow crates, where deliveries are counted in as stock
Deliveries are received against the order and counted into the store before anything is paid.

The leaks, named

LeakThe gap it lives in
Over-orderingNobody netted the store balance off the BOQ quantity before ordering
Short delivery, full paymentDelivery not counted against the order; invoice matched to itself
Rate driftRepeat orders placed verbally against last month's remembered price
Ghost consumptionStock-out unrecorded, store balance fiction, theft invisible
Duplicate invoicesPayment not matched to a unique order number
A desk of papers, pens, a calculator and a coffee, the orders and invoices a three-way match checks
Order, delivery record, invoice — the leaks live in the gaps between the papers.

None of these require sophistication to stop — they require the chain to be unbroken, which is a system property rather than a diligence property. In Ofivio AEC with the Inventory Management module, a purchase order is raised from BOQ lines, the store receives against the order, issues draw down the project, and the procurement wallet shows commitment against budget in real time. The Warehouse department closes the loop with stock in, out, transfer and valuation.

See procurement, warehouse and BOQ as one chain — the shape that stops the leaks.

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Filed under
procurement·purchase orders·construction·suppliers